Module Components

• Overview

Topics

• Definitions
• Planning Models and Frameworks
• Program Planning
• Role of the Public Health Nurse

Nurs 467 - Public Health Nursing

Module 9: Program Planning and Evaluation

DEFINITIONS

Community Buy-In:In this case, refers to the community's desire to partake in the program planning process. Buy-in is more easily achieved when the community is involved in the program planning process and believes the program is valuable.

Community Diagnosis:A definitive statement identifying the community problems and/or needs.

Community Empowerment Model:Also referred to as a “locality development approach.” This model is designed to create conditions of economic and social progress for the whole community involving active participation from the community.

Data Gap:A lack of information that is revealed by the community assessment.

Goal:A comprehensive statement of intent or purpose, stated in general terms and giving no indication of possible means of achieving the desired outcome (example: To decrease the infant mortality rate)

Implementation:The action portion of the program plan that results in achievement of desired outcomes.

Outcome Objectives: The specific health behaviors or competencies desired in the target population or community to achieve identified goals.  The outcome objectives are measurable and conducted within a specified time frame (example: the teenage pregnancy rate of census tract 1 will be reduced 50% in 3 years).

Omaha System: A nursing diagnosis classification system used to define a broad range of problems, identify appropriate interventions, and evaluate outcomes. The system was designed by home care nurses to use with individuals and has been expanded to include some environmental and community diagnoses as well.

Population-Focused Health Planning:The application of a problem-solving process where communities are assessed, needs and problems are prioritized, desired outcomes are determined, and strategies to improve health outcomes are delineated.

Prioritization of Needs: Ordering health problems and needs to determine which should be addressed first. Six factors are considered to determine priority: 1.degree of community concern; 2.extent of existing resources for dealing with the problem; 3. solubility of the problem; 4. need for special education or training measures; 5. extent of additional resources; 6. degree to which community/public health nursing can contribute to the planning process.

Process Objectives: The specific benchmarks along the way needed for successful implementation in order to achieve the desired outcomes. How do we know we are on track? (example: Ten teens will be enrolled into the Pregnancy Prevention Program each month for the first year of the program).

Program Evaluation: A process to determine whether the program has achieved its purpose, should be continued, terminated, or how it can be improved or better managed. Plans for program evaluation should begin as soon as the program goals are determined.  Program evaluation continues throughout the program planning process.

Social Action Model: A process in which a direct, often confrontational action mode seeks redistribution of power, resources, or decision-making in the community. Used in situations where one group of people or segment of a community is disenfranchised and desires change in organizational and/or institutional policies and practices.
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Social Planning Model: Emphasizes a process of rational deliberate problem solving to bring about controlled change for social problems and is referred to as the “expert” approach. This model was widely used by community/public health nurses and public health professionals during the 1970s through the early 1990s.

Target Population: Population for whom you desire a change to occur.

Validation: Verification by the community/public health nurse that assessment findings and diagnosis are consistent with community perceptions of problems and that the community desires a solution to the problems.