Module Components

• Learning Activity

Topics

• Hierarchy of Evidence
• Primary Sources of Evidence
• Secondary Sources Evidence
• Evidence Appraisal

NRSG 790-Methods for Research and Evidence-Based Practice

Module 5: Overview: Critically Appraising Evidence

Hierarchy of Evidence

Use of an evidence hierarchy suggests that not all evidence is the same – certain research is viewed as stronger, by design, than others. The figure below is based on the degree of risk for bias and strength of validity. The higher a design ranks on the pyramid, the more likely the study results represent truth. Clinicians can have greater confidence when translating higher level research that similar outcomes will be achieved in patients for whom they provide care.